List of new religious movements
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A new religious movement is a religious community or ethical, spiritual, or philosophical group of modern origin, which has a peripheral place within the dominant religious culture. NRMs may be novel in origin or they may be part of a wider religion, such as Christianity, Hinduism or Buddhism, in which case they will be distinct from pre-existing denominations. Scholars studying the sociology of religion have almost unanimously adopted this term as a neutral alternative to the word "cult". They continue to try to reach definitions and boundaries.1
An NRM may be one of a wide range of movements ranging from those with loose affiliations based on novel approaches to spirituality or religion to communitarian enterprises that demand a considerable amount of group conformity and a social identity that separates their adherents from mainstream society. Use of the term is not universally accepted among the groups to which it is applied.2 NRMs do not necessarily share a set of particular attributes, but have been "assigned to the fringe of the dominant religious culture", and "exist in a relatively contested space within society as a whole".3
Contents |
List
This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Separate lists by type:
- Hinduism-oriented new religious movements
- List of Neopagan movements
- List of groups referred to as cults or sects in government documents
See also
Notes
- ^ Introvigne, Massimo (June 15, 2001). "The Future of Religion and the Future of New Religions". http://www.cesnur.org/2001/mi_june03.htm. Retrieved 2006-12-13.
- ^ Coney, J. (1998) “A response to Religious Liberty in Western Europe by Massimo Introvigne” ISKON Communications Journal, 5(2)
- ^ The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, (Oxford University Press, 2008) 17
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 131.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 162.
- ^ a b c d Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 1.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 25.
- ^ a b c d Partridge, Christopher Hugh (ed.) (2003) UFO Religions. Routledge. Chapter 4 Opening A Channel To The Stars: The Origins and Development of the Aetherius Society by Simon G. Smith pp. 84–102
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 25-28.
- ^ a b c d Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 146.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 28.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Melton 2003, p. 707.
- ^ a b c d Hakl 2010.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 28–29.
- ^ a b c d Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 3.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 25-26.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 29–31.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 26.
- ^ a b Omoyajowo 1995, pp. xv, 113.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 26–27.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 31.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 934.
- ^ a b Lewis 1998, p. 32.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 764.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 6.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 876.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 27–28.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 32–33.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 985.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 7.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 28–29.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 517.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 29.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 33–34.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 13.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 34–35.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 9.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 35.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 35–36.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 1116.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 36.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1102.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 37-38.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 309.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 38.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 11.
- ^ Chryssides 1999, p. 370
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 30–31.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 41.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1001.
- ^ a b Lewis 1998, p. 43.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 1142.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 31.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 42–43.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 841.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 1054.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 13.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 43-44.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 651.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 44.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, pp. 986–987.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 33–34.
- ^ Lewis 1998, pp. 44–47.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 20.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 47.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 241.
- ^ a b c d Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1993). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Active New Religions, Sects and Cults. New York: Rosen Pub. Group. ISBN 0-8239-1505-0.
- ^ a b Lewis 1998, pp. 47–48.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 548.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 15.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 23.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 48.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 464.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 16.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 465.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 38.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 857.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 17.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 38–39.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 971.
- ^ a b c d e f g Melton 2003, p. 1004.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 18.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 40–41.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 91.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 654.
- ^ a b c d Strmiska, M. and Sigurvinsson, B. A., "Asatru: Nordic Paganism in Iceland and America" in: Strmiska (ed.), Modern Paganism in World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives (2005), ISBN 978-1-85109-608-4, pages 127-180
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 41–42.
- ^ a b c Clark 1949, p. 106.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Melton 2003, p. 466.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 19.
- ^ a b Chryssides 2001, p. 42.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 462.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 21.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1131.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 30.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 42–43.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 31.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 316.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 446.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 22–23.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 43–44.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 846.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 23.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 44–45.
- ^ Partridge, 2004, p. 261.
- ^ Saliba, 2003, p. 171.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1073.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 24.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 842.
- ^ a b c d MacEoin, Dennis (1989). "Babism". Encyclopædia Iranica.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 25–26.
- ^ a b Chryssides 2001, pp. 48–49.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 992.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 50–51.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 972.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 32.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 33.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 370.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 34.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 77.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 37.
- ^ a b c d e f Bhugra 1997, p. 126.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 56–57.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1006.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 38.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 59.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 617.
- ^ a b c d Nichols 2006, pp. 37–40.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 60–61.
- ^ a b c Bergman (2006), p. 30.
- ^ a b c d Melton 2003, pp. 1131–1132.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 39–40.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 61–62.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 63–64.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 709.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 269–270.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 41–42.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 67–68.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 891.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 43–44.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 68–69.
- ^ a b c d e Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 61.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 44.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 69–70.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 45.
- ^ a b Chryssides 2001, p. 70.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 62.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 72.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, pp. 837–838.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 73.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 64.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 73–74.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 206, 368.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 78.
- ^ Nichols 2006, p. 70.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 78–79.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 80–81.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 79.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 65.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 82–83.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 479.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 50.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 81–82.
- ^ Nichols 2006, p. 48.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 107.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 83.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 70.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 84.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 138.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 652.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 86.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 365.
- ^ Beit- Hallahmi 1993, p. 54.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 86–87.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 741.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 87–88.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 76.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 58.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 88–89.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 909.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 911.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 59.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 89–90.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 79.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 61.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 395.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 62.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 85.
- ^ a b c d Melton 2003, p. 530.
- ^ a b c d e Melton 2003, p. 437.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 63, 65.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 62–63.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 438.
- ^ Chryssides 2006, pp. 300–301.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 489.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 65.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 653.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 91–92.
- ^ a b c Clarke 2008, pp. 508–509.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 69.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 690.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 92–93.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 386.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 93.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 94, 371.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 94.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1120.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 281.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 94–95.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 97.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 71.
- ^ a b c d "In 1955, Reverend Moon established the Collegiate Association for the Research of the Principle (CARP). CARP is now active on many campuses in the United States and has expanded to over eighty nations. This association of students promotes intercultural, interracial, and international cooperation through the Unification world view." [1]
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 74.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 180.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 951.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 75.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 496.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 247.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 699.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 96.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 691.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 76.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 97.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 943.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 1.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 98.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 104.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 98.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 915.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 99.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 99.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 78.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 99–100.
- ^ a b c http://www.religioustolerance.org/wcotc1.htm
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 100.
- ^ Chryssides 2006, p. 100.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 103.
- ^ a b c d Ambedkar and the Hindu Culture
- ^ Martin 2007, p. 258.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 84.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 916.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 91.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1056.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 85–86.
- ^ a b c Beckford 2003, p. 156.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1055.
- ^ Goodrick-Clarke, p. 17.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 97.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1145.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 396.
- ^ Lewis 2004, p. 195.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1126.
- ^ a b c d Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 133.
- ^ a b Melton 2009, p. 676.
- ^ Clarke 2008, p. 185.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 103.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 888.
- ^ a b c d Robert S. Ellwood, Notes on a Neopagan Religious Group in America, History of Religions (1971)
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 104.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 138.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 482.
- ^ a b c d Melton 2003, p. 1137.
- ^ a b Peters 2008, pp. 186–187.
- ^ [2] . Mini-Consultation on Reaching Mystics and Cultists. Pattaya, Thailand. 1980. pp. LOP 11.1.e.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 751.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 108.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 843.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 272.
- ^ a b Irons 2008, p. 206.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 113–114.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 117.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 648.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 763.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 119.
- ^ a b c "RP to host global peace festivals". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 12 September 2008. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/breakingnews/view/20081209-177067/RP-to-host-global-peace-festivals. "Launched in 2007 in Paraguay and the Philippines, the global festivals have received substantial backing from the Unification Church founded by Sun Myung Moon."
- ^ Global Leadership Council
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 122–123.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 786.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 129.
- ^ a b c d e Nichols 2006, pp. 51–52.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 1013.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 133.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1014.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 873.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 142.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 179.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 143.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1067.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 451.
- ^ a b c d Nichols 2006, p. 139.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 146–148.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 997.
- ^ a b c Gary Bouma, 2006, Australian soul: religion and spirituality in the twenty-first century, Cambridge University Press, p.62
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 150, 152–153.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 637.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 153.
- ^ a b c Chryssides 1999, pp. 149-163.
- ^ Gallagher 2006, p. 86.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 196.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 155.
- ^ a b c d e Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 197.
- ^ a b c d Krogh 2004, p. 167.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 158.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 730.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 161.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1122.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1019.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 164.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 731.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 1039.
- ^ a b Nichols 2006, pp. 107–111.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 165.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 209.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 639.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 165–166.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 844.
- ^ Tucker 2004, pp. 360–362.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 506.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 169, 171.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 609-610.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, pp. 90–91.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 216.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 172–173.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 217.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 176.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 1123.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 178.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 223.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 181.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 991.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 184.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 186.
- ^ a b c d Renaud Marhic, Alain Kerlidou, Sectes & mouvements initiatiques en Bretagne: du celtisme au nouvel âge, Terre de brume editions, 1996 , pp. 25-29
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 602.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 186, 188.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 988.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 188, 190.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 233.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 190, 192.
- ^ a b Nichols 2006, p. 187.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 194.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 196.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 243.
- ^ Enroth 2005, p. 169.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 245.
- ^ Atkins 2002, p. 217.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 200.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, pp. 952–953.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 197.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 772.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 202.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 809.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 205.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1139.
- ^ Barrett 2001, pp. 310–311.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1112.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 207.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 923.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 208.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 258.
- ^ a b c d Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke (2002). Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism and the Politics of Identity. New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-3124-4. (Paperback, 2003. ISBN 0-8147-3155-4.) page 257.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 216.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 266.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 217.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 454.
- ^ a b c d Clarke 2008, pp. 427–428
- ^ Hayes 2006, pp. 16, 18–19
- ^ Arweck 2005, pp. 3, 122–123.
- ^ Walsh 2004, pp. 174, 180–182.
- ^ Gold 2004, p. 46.
- ^ Buxant 2008, p. 251.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 270.
- ^ a b c d Clarke 2008, p. 430
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 225.
- ^ a b Clark 1949, p. 109.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 224–225.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 226.
- ^ Reiterman 1982, pp. 49–52
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 832.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 228.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 849.
- ^ a b c Mayer 2004, pp. 123–143.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 228–229.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 61.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 281.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 234.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1059.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 806.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 234, 236.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 732.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 236, 238.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1051.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 241.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 241, 243.
- ^ Partridge 2004, pp. 62–64.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 954.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 244.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 299.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 245–246.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 301.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 248.
- ^ a b c Tamura 2001, pp. 203–204.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 249.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 845.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 251.
- ^ INFORM staff (2001). "Information about Sahaja Yoga". INFORM. www.staffs.ac.uk. http://www.staffs.ac.uk/images/SahajaYoga_tcm68-21070.pdf. Retrieved 2009-09-30.
- ^ a b c d e f Melton 2003, p. 1029.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 252, 254.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 419.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 210.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 256.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1060-1061.
- ^ Partridge 2003, pp. 188, 263–265.
- ^ Lewis 2003, p. 42.
- ^ Reece 2007, pp. 182–186.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 816.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 261.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1031.
- ^ a b c d Raphael, Melissa (April 1998). "Goddess Religion, Postmodern Jewish Feminism, and the Complexity of Alternative Religious Identities". Nova Religio, Vol. 1, No. 2, Pages 198–215
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 262.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 621.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 262–263.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, pp. 622–623.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 263, 265.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 724.
- ^ Lewis 1998, p. 189.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 619.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 266.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 734.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 266–267.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1081.
- ^ a b c d Mayer 1993, p. 213.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 268–269.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1035.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 271.
- ^ Wilson 1999, p. 10.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1082.
- ^ a b Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 279.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 981.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 342.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 344.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1141.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 287–288.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1124.
- ^ Lyon 2000, p. 106.
- ^ a b c Chryssides (1999), pp. 122–123.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 292–293, 295–296.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1045.
- ^ a b c Montreal Religious Sites Project
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 212, 334–335.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 737.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 298.
- ^ Chryssides 2001, p. 330.
- ^ Johnson, Benton in Klass and Weisgrau 1999, p. 377.
- ^ Melton 2003, p. 611.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 299.
- ^ a b c Smith and Prokopy 2003, p. 279-280.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 300, 302–303.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 365.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 303.
- ^ a b Melton 2003, p. 604.
- ^ Chryssides 2006, p. 335.
- ^ a b c Nichols 2006, pp.308–310.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 304.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 487.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 304–305.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 371.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 305.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 959.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 305.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 855.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 287–306.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 476.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, pp. 306–307.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 373.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 310.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 883.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 311.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 680.
- ^ (Fraternite Blanche Universelle) Mayer 1993, p. 370.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 880.
- ^ a b c d Nichols 2006, pp. 319–322.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 313.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 1115.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 314.
- ^ a b c Beit-Hallahmi 1998, p. 382.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 420.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 318.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 608.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 319.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 884.
- ^ Hanegraaff 1998, p. 87.
- ^ a b c Nichols 2006, p. 338.
- ^ a b c d Bainbridge, William Sims (1997). The Sociology of Religious Movements. Routledge. pp. 203–205. ISBN 0-415-91202-4.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 320.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 856.
- ^ Beit-Hallahmi 1993, p. 327.
- ^ a b c Melton 2003, p. 688.
References
- Aldridge, Alan E. (2000). Religion in the Contemporary World: A Sociological Introduction. Polity Press. ISBN 0-7456-2083-3.
- Arweck, Elizabeth (2005). Researching New Religious Movements: Responses and Redefinitions. Routledge. ISBN 0-7591-0356-9.
- Atkins, Stephen E. (2002). Encyclopedia of Modern American Extremists and Extremist Groups. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-31502-7.
- Barrett, David V. (2001). The New Believers: A Survey of Sects, Cults and Alternative Religions. Cassell. ISBN 0-304-35592-5.
- Beckford, James A. (2003). Social Theory and Religion. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-77431-4.
- Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1993). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Active New Religions, Sects, and Cults. Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-1505-7.
- Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1998). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Active New Religions, Sects, and Cults (Revised Edition). Rosen Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-2586-5.
- Bergman, Gregory (2006). Isms: From Autoeroticism to Zoroastrianism—an Irreverent Reference. Avon, Massachusetts: Adams Media. ISBN 1-59337-483-6.
- Bhugra, Dinesh (1997). Psychiatry and Religion: Context, Consensus and Controversies. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-16512-1.
- Buxant, Coralie; Vassilis Saroglou (April 2008). "Joining and leaving a new religious movement: A study of ex-members' mental health". Mental Health, Religion & Culture (Center for Psychology of Religion, Department of Psychology, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Routledge) 11 (3): 251–271. doi:10.1080/13674670701247528.
- Chryssides, George D. (1999). Exploring New Religions. New York, New York: Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 0-8264-5959-5.
- Chryssides, George D. (2001). Historical dictionary of new religious movements. The Scarecrow Press, Inc.. ISBN 0-8108-4095-2.
- Chryssides, George D. (2006). The A to Z of New Religious Movements. The Scarecrow Press, Inc.. ISBN 0-8108-5588-7.
- Clark, Elmer T. (1949). The Small Sects in America. New York, New York: Abingdon Press.
- Clarke, Peter B. (2006). Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-45383-7.
- Enroth, Ronald M. (2005). A Guide To New Religious Movements. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 0-8308-2381-6.
- Gallagher, Eugene V. (2006). Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-275-98713-2.
- Gold, Lorna (2004). The Sharing Economy: Solidarity Networks Transforming Globalization. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 0-7546-3345-4.
- Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (1993). The Occult Roots of Nazism. NYU Press. ISBN 0-8147-3060-4.
- Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (1998). New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought. State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-3854-6.
- Hakl, Hans Thomas (2010). "Franz Sättler (Dr. Musallam) and the Twentieth-Century Cult of Adonism". The Pomegranate: The International Journal of Pagan Studies Volume 12.1 (London).
- Hayes, Michael A. (2006). New Religious Movements in the Catholic Church. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8264-9357-6.
- Irons, Edward A. (2008). Encyclopedia of Buddhism (Encyclopedia of World Religions). New York: Checkmark Books. ISBN 978-0-8160-7744-1.
- Klass, Morton; Weisgrau, Maxine K. (1999). Across the Boundaries of Belief: Contemporary Issues in the Anthropology of Religion. Boulder, Colorado and Oxford, U.K.: Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-8133-2695-5.
- Krogh, Marilyn; Pillifant, Brooke Ashley (2004). "Kemetic Orthodoxy: Ancient Egyptian Religion on the Internet: A Research Note.". Sociology of Religion 65 (2): 167–175. doi:10.2307/3712405.
- Lewis, James R. (1998). The Encyclopedia of cults, sects, and new religions. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-222-6.
- Lewis, James R. (2003). The Encyclopedic Sourcebook of UFO Religions. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-964-6.
- Lewis, James R. (2004). Controversial New Religions. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-515682-9.
- Lyon, David (2000). Jesus in Disneyland: Religion in Postmodern Times. Polity. ISBN 0-7456-1489-2.
- Van Bruinessen, Martin (2007). Sufism and the 'Modern' in Islam (Library of Modern Middle East Studies). I. B. Tauris. p. 258. ISBN 1-85043-854-4.
- Mayer, Jean-François (1993) (in French). Les nouvelles voies spirituelles, enquête sur la religiosité parallèle en Suisse. Lausanne: L'Age d'Homme. ISBN 2-8251-0412-4.
- Mayer, Jean-François; Kranenborg, Reender (23 August 2004) (in French). La naissance des nouvelles religions. Genève: Georg. ISBN 2-8257-0877-1. http://religion.info/french/articles/article_149.shtml.
- Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition). Farmington Hills, Michigan: The Gale Group, Inc.. ISBN 0-7876-6384-0.
- Melton, J. Gordon (2009). Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions (8th edition). Gale. p. 676. ISBN 978-0-7876-9696-2.
- Nichols, Larry A.; George A. Mather; Alvin J. Schmidt (2006). Encyclopedic Dictionary of Cults, Sects, and World Religions. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan. ISBN 978-0-310-23954-3.
- Omoyajowo, J. Akinyele. (1995). Makers of the Church in Nigeria. Lagos, Nigeria: CSS Bookshops Ltd. (Publishing Unit). ISBN 978-32292-6-5.
- Partridge, Christopher (2004). New Religions: A Guide: New Religious Movements, Sects and Alternative Spiritualities. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 0-19-522042-0.
- Partridge, Christopher Hugh (2003). UFO Religions. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-26324-7.
- Peters, Shawn Francis (2008). When Prayer Fails: Faith Healing, Children, and the Law. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530635-4.
- Reece, Gregory L. (2007). UFO Religion: Inside Flying Saucer Cults and Culture. I. B. Tauris. ISBN 1-84511-451-5.
- Reiterman, Tim; John Jacobs (1982). Raven: The Untold Story of Rev. Jim Jones and His People. Dutton. ISBN 0-525-24136-1.
- Saliba, John (2003). Understanding New Religious Movements. AltaMira Press. ISBN 0-7591-0356-9.
- Smith, Christian; Joshua Prokopy (1999). Latin American Religion in Motion. New York, New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-92106-0.
- Tamura, Yoshiro (2001). Japanese Buddhism: A Cultural History. Kosei Publishing Company. ISBN 4-333-01684-3.
- Tucker, Ruth A. (2004). Another Gospel: Cults, Alternative Religions, and the New Age Movement. Zondervan. ISBN 0-310-25937-1.
- Walsh, Michael (2004). Opus Dei: An Investigation into the Powerful Secretive Society within the Catholic Church. HarperOne. ISBN 0-06-075068-5.
- Wilson, Bryan (1999). New Religious Movements. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-20049-0.
- York, Michael (1995). The Emerging Network. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.. ISBN 0-8476-8001-0.
External links
| Find more about New religious movement on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
 |
Definitions and translations from Wiktionary |
 |
Images and media from Commons |
 |
Learning resources from Wikiversity |
 |
News stories from Wikinews |
 |
Quotations from Wikiquote |
 |
Source texts from Wikisource |
 |
Textbooks from Wikibooks |
- AcademicInfo: Religious Movements Gateway – Directory of Online Resources
- Hartford Institute of Religious Research: New religious movements
- Online texts about NRMs
- SSSR Resolution on New Religious Groups
- Diskus The on-disk journal of international Religious Studies
- Law Encyclopedia
- Hadden, Jeffrey K. and Douglas Cowan The New Religious Movements Homepage @The University of Virginia [3]
- Religious Movements in the United States: An Informal Introduction
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||