Hainburg an der Donau

Hainburg an der Donau
Coat of arms
Hainburg an der Donau Location within Austria
Coordinates: 48°8′N 16°55′E
Country	Austria
State	Lower Austria
District	Bruck an der Leitha
Government
• Mayor	Karl Kindl
Area
• Total	25.05 km2 (9.67 sq mi)
Elevation	161 m (528 ft)
Population (1 January 2011)
• Total	5,951
• Density	240/km2 (620/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
• Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	2410
Area code	02165
Website	www.hainburg.at

Hainburg an der Donau is a town in the Bruck an der Leitha district, Lower Austria, Austria.

Geography

The city Hainburg is located next to the Danube river and Bratislava in Slovakia and 50 km east of Vienna. It is part of the Industrial Quarter Industrieviertel in Lower Austria.

45.87% of the land is forested, 54.13% is used for agriculture and urban areas. Hainburg an der Donau is the only district in the municipality.

Historical population

• 1971: 6,060
• 1981: 5,731
• 1991: 5,753
• 2001: 5,651

History

• The first settlers in the area were the Illyrians and the Celtic people, who lived in Braunsburg. Today's city is next to ancient Roman settlement of Carnuntum, the capital of the province of Pannonia, where Marcus Aurelius once resided.
• Emperor Henry III ordered a castle built here in 1050.
• The town had 2 gates, 15 towers, and a 2.5 km wall in the 13th century.
• The castle in 1108 belonged to the Babenbergers.
• In the second half of the 12th century, the ransom received from Richard the Lionheart built the castle along with the Viennese gate around 1220 to 1225. The lower part wasn't built until 1267 to 1268 by Ottokar of Bohemia.
• On February 11, 1252, Ottokar II, later the King of Bohemia, married the last Babenberger Margaret of Austria.
• In Battle of Dürnkrut in 1278 Ottokar II lost the castle to the Habsburgs.
• In 1482 after a several months siege the castle was occupied by Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus and his Black Army.
• In 1629, the castle belonged to the city.
• On July 11, 1683, the Second Ottoman Campaign destroyed the city along with the castle.
• In 1709, Count Löwenburg rebuilt the castle.
• Here Joseph Haydn the composer came as a six-year-old child to learn the rudiments of music from his relative Josef Mathias Franck, and to sing as a choirboy from 1737–1740. There is a Haydn Fountain on the Hauptplatz in the town.
• Hainburg gained a garrison in the 19th century.
• Since the end of the First World War, Hainburg has been the easternmost town in Austria.
• In 1984, protesters against plans to put a power station in the Hainburger Au of the Danube forced the government of Austria to withdraw. (see: Occupation of Hainburger Au).

The church in Hainburg

• Today, it is part of the Donau-Auen Nationalpark.

Sites of interest

• Castle:
• Nationalpark Donau-Auen: floodplain forest
• Hexenberg:
• Braunsberg:
• Wienertor: (Viennese Gate), built in the 13th century, biggest door of the Middle Ages in Europe, that still exist, today there is the museum of the city

Medieval synagogue and ritual bath

• The Church: the 'Pfarrkirche,' a catholic church, was built in 1263 and rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1683
• Protestant Church: the 'Evangelische Kirche' was opened in April 2011, newly built by the Austrian architect's office Coop Himmelb(l)au

Economics and infrastructure

In 2001, there were 242 businesses and 29 agricultural and forestry businesses. There were 2,512 employed persons. The productivity rate was 45.07%. There were 70 unemployed persons.

External links

• Official site of the village Hainburg (German)
• 'Donauauen' (English/German)
• 'Wienertor' (German)
• "20 years of Occupation of Hainburger Au" (German)