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German inventors and discoverers edit
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List of German inventors and discoverers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of German inventors and discoverers

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This is a list of German inventors and discoverers. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, also of people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname. The main section includes existing articles, indicated by blue links, and possibly non-existing, indicated by red links. Please read the Notes section below for more information BEFORE adding an inventor or discoverer.

Existing:  A B C D E F G H  I   J  K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Notes See also External links
Ardenne in 1933

A

  • Ernst Abbe: Invented the first refractometer, and many other devices.
  • Robert Adler: Invented a better television remote control.
  • Udo Adelsberger: Invented the PTR Quartz clock among other things together with Adolf Scheibe.
  • Konrad Adenauer: Invented soya sausage (1916; "Kölner Wurst")1 and, together with Jean and Josef Oebel, [coarse] wholemeal bread (1917; Kölner Brot)2.
  • Alois Alzheimer: Psychiatrist who discovered Alzheimer´s disease, a degeneration of the brain in old age.
  • Manfred von Ardenne: Self taught researcher, applied physicist and inventor. Inventor of television among other things. 600 patents in fields including electron microscopy, medical technology, nuclear technology, plasma physics, and radio and television technology.
  • Martin Leo Arons: Mercury-vapor lamp together with Peter Cooper Hewitt.
  • Leopold Auerbach: Discovery of Plexus myentericus Auerbachi, or Auerbach's plexus.
  • Max Abraham: Physicist. Worked as Max Planck's assistant for three years. Developed theories on electrons.

B

Wernher von Braun

C

Gottlieb Daimler

D

E

Albert Einstein in 1921, the year he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics
  • Paul Ehrlich: Scientist in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy, and Nobel laureate. Developed an effective treatment against syphilis.
  • Albert Einstein: Father of Theoretical Physics, inventor and discoverer.

F

Johannes Gutenberg in a 16th century copper engraving

G

H

Otto Hahn the first man to split the atom.
  • Fritz Haber:German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered synthetic ammonia and chemical warfare.
  • Otto Hahn: German chemist and Nobel laureate who pioneered the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. "The father of nuclear chemistry" and the "founder of the atomic age". Discovered nuclear fission.
  • Henry J. Heinz: Tomato ketchup and fifty six other things.
  • Werner Heisenberg: Theoretical physicist who made fundamental contributions to quantum mechanics. Discovered a particle's position and velocity cannot be known at the same time. Discovered atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons.
  • Rudolf Hell: Inventor of the first fax machine (Hellschreiber).
  • Richard Hellmann: Hellmann's (Blue Ribbon) Mayonnaise, 1905.
Felix Hoffmann

I

  • Otmar Issing: Economist who invented the "pepet pillar" decision algorithm now used by the ECB.

J

K

Monument to Robert Koch on his name square in Berlin
  • Donald J. Kessler - Astrophysicist, known for developing the Kessler syndrome.
  • Johannes Kepler: Discovered the laws of planetary motion.
  • Erhard Kietz: Pioneer discoverer of video technology.
  • Gustav Kirchhoff: Discovery of the principles upon which spectrum analysis is founded.
  • Martin Heinrich Klaproth: Discovered the element Uranium.
  • Robert Koch: Physician, discoverer, inventor and Nobel Prize winner. He became famous for isolating Bacillus anthracis (1877), the Tuberculosis bacillus (1882) and the Vibrio cholera (1883) and for his development of Koch's postulates.
  • Arthur Korn: Inventor involved in development of the fax machine, specifically the transmission of photographs or telephotography, known as the Bildetelegraph.
  • Julius H. Kroehl: Inventor and engineer, who built the first functioning submarine in the world.
  • Alfred Krupp: Pioneer in metal casting and metal working process and procedures.

L

  • Eugen Langen: Entrepreneur, engineer and inventor, involved in the development of the petrol engine and the Wuppertal monorail.
  • Max von Laue: Discoveries regarding the diffraction of X-rays in crystals.
  • Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: Philosopher known for discovering the mathematical field of calculus and coherently laying down its basic operations in 1684.
  • Georg Christoph Lichtenberg: German scientist credited with the development of the electrophorus.
  • Justus von Liebig: German chemist who made contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry.
  • Otto Lilienthal: Father of Aviation and first successful aviator. Main discovery was the properties and shape of the wing.

M

Karl Marx
  • Ernst Mach: Discovered many effects of high speed projectiles; the Mach number is dedicated to his memory.
  • Georg Hans Madelung: Academic and aeronautical engineer; a participant in the development of the Junkers F.13.
  • Karl Marx: Political economist and philosopher, who defined the political/economical background of capitalism and discovered the mechanics of Marxism. His ideas still influence the world we now live in.
  • Wilhelm Maybach: Together with Gottlieb Daimler the first gasoline-powered motorcycle, power-engined boat and later, 1902, the Mercedes car model.
  • Ottomar von Mayenburg: Inventor of "Chlorodont", the first commercial brand of toothpaste.
  • Lise Meitner: Nuclear physicist, who, together with Otto Hahn, provided a theoretical account of nuclear fission.
  • Gregor Mendel: Discoveries in genetics.
  • Ottmar Mergenthaler: Inventor who has been called a second Gutenberg because of his invention of the Linotype machine.
  • Johannes Peter Müller: Discoveries in physiology.

N

Max Planck

O

P

  • Fritz Pfleumer: Inventor of magnetic tape for recording sound. He builts the world's first practical tape recorder, called Magnetophon K1.
  • Max Planck: Physicist, Scientist. He is considered to be the founder of the quantum theory, and one of the most important physicists of the twentieth century.
  • Robert Wichard Pohl: In 1938, together with Rudolf Hilsch, built first functioning solid-state amplifier using salt as the semiconductor.

Q

Wiki letter w.svg This section is empty. You can help by adding to it.

R

Paul Reuter aged 53 years (1869) by Rudolf Lehmann
  • Paul Julius Freiherr von Reuter: Communications pioneer.
  • Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen: Physicist and discoverer of x-rays/Röntgen rays (8 November 1895), this earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
  • Fritz Reiche: was a student of Max Planck and a colleague of Albert Einstein,who was active in, and made important contributions to the early development of quantum mechanics including co-authoring the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn sum rule

S

  • Hans Sauer: Inventor of miniature high power relays; 309 patents worldwide in relay conceptions.
  • Adolf Scheibe: Invented the PTR Quartz clock (1930) among other things together with Udo Adelsberger.
  • Heinrich Schliemann: Father of archaeology, among other things he discovered Homeric Troy.
  • Bernhard Schmidt: Discovered major improvements to the telescope.
  • Paul Schmidt (inventor): Developed since 1928 his idea of a new drive, the "pulsating incineration", also used in the V1-Rocket (engine was called "Argus-Schmidtrohr"); pulsejet was a development by Schmidt.
  • Johann Lukas Schönlein: Professor of medicine, he discovered among other things the parasitic cause of ringworm or favus (Achorion Schönleinii).
  • Otto Schott: Inventor of borosilicate glass.
  • Marx Schwab: Silversmith, invented coining with the screw press around 1550.
  • Theodor Schwann: Discovery of properties of cells in animals.
  • Werner Sell: (Georg Robert Werner Sell) invented airplane kitchens, fitted kitchens and the prefabricated house among other things.
  • Friedrich Sertürner: First to isolate morphine from the opium poppy, discovering morphine.
  • Ernst Werner von Siemens: Dynamo, pointer telegraph that used a needle to point to the right letter, first electric elevator, trolleybus.
  • Georg Wilhelm Steller: Discoverer of Alaska (1741) and pioneer of Alaskan Natural History.
  • Otto Stern: Nobel laureate; contributed to the discovery of spin quantization in the Stern-Gerlach experiment with Walther Gerlach in 1922.
  • Eduard Suess: Discoveries in geology.
  • Friedrich Albert Moritz Schlick: was a German philosopher, physicist and the founding father of logical positivism and the Vienna Circle.
  • Walter H. Schottky:played a major early role in developing the theory of electron and ion emission phenomena, invented the screen-grid vacuum tube and the pentode.

T

U

  • Dietrich "Diedrich" Uhlhorn: Engineer, mechanic and inventor, who invented the first mechanical tachometer (1817), between 1817 and 1830 inventor of the Presse Monétaire (level coin press known as Uhlhorn Press) which bears his name.
Hand mit Ringen: print of Wilhelm Röntgen's first "medical" x-ray, of his wife's hand, taken on 22 December 1895 and presented to Professor Ludwig Zehnder of the Physik Institut, University of Freiburg, on 1 January 1896

V

  • Abraham Vater: Ampulla of Vater.
  • Hans Vogt: Invented sound-on-film (idea 1905) together with Jo Engl and Joseph Massolle, first sound-on-film for the public on 17 September 1922 in Filmtheater Alhambra , Berlin, Germany.
  • Woldemar Voigt: Physicist, who taught at the Georg August University of Göttingen. He worked on crystal physics, thermodynamics and electro-optics. He discovered the Voigt effect in 1898.
  • Woldemar Voigt (aerospace engineer): Chief designer at Messerschmitt's Oberammergau offices and pioneer of the Me 163 and Me 264, project leader of the development of Me P. 1101, Me P. 1106, Me P. 1110, Me P. 1111, Me P. 1112 and Me P. 1116.4

W

X

Wiki letter w.svg This section is empty. You can help by adding to it.

Y

Wiki letter w.svg This section is empty. You can help by adding to it.
Zuse Z1 replica in the German Museum of Technology in Berlin

Z

Notes

When adding an inventor or a discoverer to the main section, please check first to see if he or she is already in the list. If he or she is not, you might also check to see if an article exists (by entering the title in the Search box and pressing Go), as some editors may have forgotten to add their articles on German inventors to this list. When you add an inventor or a discoverer to this list, please add him or her in proper alphabetical order within the appropriate section.

Please include the year of invention or discovery and list key information of the invention, as well as the references for it.

After an inventor article has been created, the link on this page will be blue. Please move these titles into the main (existing article) section after creating the show article.

Please be sure that the inventor or discoverer is German or of German heritage / descent. For example, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is often classified as Austrian, but lived in an Era, where Austria was part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, his nationality is therefore German.5

See also

External links

Notes

  1. ^ http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?locale=de_EP&CC=GB&NR=131402 Improvements in the Composition and Manufacture of Sausage Meat and the like; Patent
  2. ^ http://depatisnet.dpma.de/DepatisNet/depatisnet?window=1&space=menu&content=treffer&action=pdf&docid=AT000000074310B&Cl=2&Bi=1&Ab=&De=2&Dr=&Pts=&Pa=&We=&Sr=&Eam=&Cor=&Aa=&so=desc&sf=vn&firstdoc=0&NrFaxPages=2&pdfpage=2 Patent; page 2
  3. ^ John M. Barry, The Great Influenza; The Epic Story of the Deadliest Plague in History (New York: Penguin Books, 2005) 70.
  4. ^ Boyne, Walter J.; Museum, Space (1980). Messerschmitt Me 262 : arrow to the future. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 117. ISBN 978-0-87474-276-3. 
  5. ^ Mozart's nationality was, strictly speaking, that of the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg and therefore a German citizen of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. His letters indicate very clearly he felt his nationality to be German (see e.g. his letter to his father of 17 August 1782; Mersman (1972:204)); this was natural in a time when the territory comprising modern Austria and Germany was a patchwork of mostly small nation-states.
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